Rälla-Ekerum is a popular nature area that is appreciated by many, from walkers and dog owners to berry and mushroom pickers. Plants and animals also thrive here. The nature reserve's delicate deciduous forests, lush swamp forests, sandy pine forests and aquatic environments are home to a diversity of species.
Pasture and royal wild boar hunting
The broadleaf forests in Rälla-Ekerum are a remnant of a five-mile long deciduous forest belt that once stretched from Borgholm down to Kastlösa. The forest was called Strandskogen and was used as pasture for hundreds of years. The pasture near the shore belonged to the king's hunting grounds until the 19th century, just like all the outlying land on Öland. In 1723, King Fredrik planted some 50 wild boars in the area. Even today, there are traces of what are believed to be trapping pits where the boars were forced down during the hunt.
Vital oaks
In Rälla-Ekerum's broadleaf forests there are plenty of large, hollow oaks. These trees are vital for a wide range of birds, bats, insects, lichens and fungi. Many of the species are rare and also live in the nearby nature reserve. But in Halltorp, the oaks are much older, and younger trees are missing. The idea is that the oaks here in Rälla-Ekerum will replace Halltorp's old oaks in the future.
Forest for moisture lovers
The reserve's lush swamp forests are home to many mosses, fungi and plants. Beautiful pale green downy moss grows here, as well as the orchid, the helleborine, which lacks chlorophyll and is therefore brown. In the fall, the fragrant red-yellow trumpet mushroom appears in the thick moss mats.
Sand from the ice age
In the middle of the reserve, a 25 meter high cliff rises from north to south. The cliff marks the western edge of Rällafältet or Rälla tall, one of Öland's largest ice river deposits. The sandy glacial river material was deposited in front of the melting ice edge at the end of the last ice age. In some places the sand has blown together to form sand dunes.
Valuable sandy soils
On the dry, lean sandy soils of the reserve, pine is a characteristic species. Some of the pines are very old and have been listed since the 1920s. The pine tick and the relict buck are examples of species that need these old pines to survive. Adjacent to the golf course there are also open sand heaths, where bees and other insects thrive. There are plenty of flowers here that provide insects with nectar and pollen. And in the sun-warmed sandy areas, bees can dig out their nests.
Below the surface
Rälla-Ekerum also protects shallow marine areas with extensive eelgrass beds. These underwater meadows are where fish go to spawn. The meadows are also valuable for young fish, as they provide a protective environment that is also rich in food.